Journal of Cyber Law (JOCL)

Journal of Cyber Law (JOCL)

Examining the Validity and Admissibility of Algorithm-Generated Electronic Evidence in the Judicial System and Cyber Law

Document Type : Original Article

Author
PhD Candidate in Law, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
With the expansion of digital technologies and the growing role of algorithms in generating and analyzing data, algorithm-based electronic evidence has become a critical component in judicial systems and cyber law. The main question of this study is whether such evidence is legally and judicially admissible, and how its acceptance criteria are defined in courts. The importance of this topic stems from the fact that judicial decisions based on electronic data, if lacking sufficient scientific and legal credibility, may lead to violations of defendants' rights and undermine trust in the judiciary. This article aims to examine the legal, technical, and ethical dimensions of algorithm-generated electronic evidence and determine the criteria for its admissibility in courts. The research method is descriptive-analytical, relying on documentary studies, examination of national and international laws, and analysis of judicial cases. The findings indicate that accepting algorithmic evidence without established scientific and legal standards can increase the risk of errors and misuse, yet with a proper legal framework and reliable technical criteria, these evidences can be legitimately admitted in the judicial process. The innovation of this article lies in presenting an analytical model that integrates legal, technical, and ethical indicators of algorithmic electronic evidence admissibility, providing practical guidance for policymakers and judges.
Keywords