The rapid advancement of technology, particularly in the field of artificial intelligence, has introduced unprecedented challenges and opportunities for judicial systems worldwide. The central question of this research is whether the application of AI in judicial decision-making promotes fair trial standards or, conversely, poses a threat to judicial justice and the fundamental rights of litigants. The importance of this issue stems from the judiciary's role as a cornerstone of social justice, where any deviation can significantly affect public trust in the legal system. This article aims to examine the legal, ethical, and structural dimensions of integrating artificial intelligence into judicial processes, focusing on its compatibility with the principles of fair trial, judicial independence, the right to defense, and transparency in adjudication. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on documentary studies, including international instruments, comparative legal practices, and critical analysis of relevant legal theories. The findings indicate that while AI has the potential to reduce human error, accelerate proceedings, and enhance access to justice, the lack of a clear legal framework may endanger core principles of fair trial. The opacity of algorithms, the risk of algorithmic bias, and uncertainty regarding legal responsibility are among the most critical challenges. The novelty of this article lies in its interdisciplinary and critical analysis of the intersection between artificial intelligence and judicial functions, along with legal solutions to harness the potential of AI while safeguarding fundamental principles of judicial fairness.