Abstract

The emergence of artificial intelligence as one of the achievements of the digital revolution has provided unparalleled opportunities for transformation in judicial systems. In the meantime, the possibility of using artificial intelligence in the institution of the jury, especially in press and political crimes, is of particular importance. The jury in the Iranian legal system is a representative of public opinion, but it has always faced challenges such as the dispersion of opinions, the influence of fleeting emotions, and human errors. This research uses an analytical-critical approach to examine the feasibility of interacting with and replacing artificial intelligence with the jury. The findings show that artificial intelligence, by utilizing advanced data mining, has the ability to create unity in judicial procedure and reduce unconscious human biases. Although challenges such as the lack of transparency of algorithms (black boxes), ambiguity in responsibility and lack of human empathy are raised, solutions such as the development of "explainable AI", granting limited legal personality and formulating principles of digital ethics make it possible to overcome these obstacles. The results of the research indicate that AI lacking human emotions is not only a defect, but also a guarantee of impartiality and pure logic in the trial. As a result, AI, not as a replacement, but as an efficient assistant, can enhance the efficiency of the jury institution in achieving judicial justice while maintaining the central role of humans.