The tracking of digital assets in cybercrimes, especially within the framework of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies, is considered a complex and emerging legal issue that has created numerous challenges in various legal systems. The main research question of this study is how effective and lawful tracking of digital assets in cybercrimes can be managed despite legal gaps and technical limitations. The necessity of addressing this topic stems from the increasing prevalence of cybercrimes related to cryptocurrencies and their impact on economic and legal security, which demands special attention from legislators and judicial authorities. The primary aim of this article is to elucidate the legal challenges of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in the context of digital asset tracking and to provide legal solutions for overcoming these challenges. The research method employed is descriptive-analytical and based on documentary studies utilizing domestic laws, judicial precedents, legal doctrines, and international documents. The findings indicate that the lack of precise definitions and comprehensive laws in the Iranian legal system, alongside enforcement limitations and the absence of coordination among relevant institutions, constitute the main obstacles to effective tracking of digital assets. Furthermore, current judicial practice, due to the absence of specialized guidelines, has failed to adequately address the legal needs of this domain. This article’s innovation lies in its comprehensive comparative analysis and practical recommendations based on new technologies and international experiences, which can contribute to strengthening Iran’s legal system in combating cybercrimes.